Heart Disease Risk Factors

Heart Disease Risk Factors

Aging is a process that must be experienced by all people, this means that changes in cardiac physiology and anatomy will also happen to everybody. But this does not mean that all seniors would have had problems in the heart. Because in addition to endogenous factors influenced, also influenced by exogenous factors, such as environmental, socio-cultural and economic, all of which can be called a lifestyle (life style). Exogenous factors are better known as risk factors.

A. Alcohol
There are several theories stating that alcohol consumption may reduce the incidence of CHD. But after further review, the American Heart Association concluded that there is no justification in recommending the use of alcohol (or wine / wine) for the cardioprotective strategies. Fact that excessive consumption can cause liver damage, increased blood pressure, increased incidence of cancer of the mouth and esophagus cancer, and so forth.


B. Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes Mellitus has long been recognized as independent risk factors that can cause a variety of cardiovascular disorders. One theory says that one of the type of diabetes associated with the primary intrinsic disorder in which cells will be short lived, causing increased cell turnover. In addition platelet dysfunction in diabetes also contributed to a meaningful role. Coexistence of DM and hypertension may increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality as much as 2-fold. Ductility in the control of hypertension in diabetic patients is very important. Diabetes type 2 (NIDDM) found on many old people above 30 years of overweight / obesity. This can be prevented by lifestyle improvement, maintaining a normal body weight and multiply physical exercise.

C. Drugs
Some drugs can cause hypertension, such as mineralocorticoid group, NSAIDs, amphetamines, tricyclic antidepressants, and so on. Use of alternative drugs that do not cause or complicate hypertension.

D. Exercise / Physical Training
Regular exercise can lower blood pressure as much as 5-10 mmHg. Exercise also can improve cardiac output, by the way:
• Increasing contractility and the muscles that myocardium can be achieved maximal stroke volume.
• Increase the number of capillaries in the infarction.
• Lower heart rate at rest.
• Reduce the peripheral resistance at rest.

E. Hiperlipoproteinemia
More lipoproteins that circulate in the blood, the greater the possibility for them to enter the arterial wall. When large amounts of it will exceed the ability of smooth muscle cells to metabolize the fat that will accumulate on artery walls. Hyperlipidemia should be dealt with aggressively, either with medication or with lifestyle improvement. By lowering total cholesterol levels as much as 20-25% (or lower LDL-cholesterol by 30%) is proven to reduce the risk of CHD.

F. Hypertension
Hypertension is a risk factor is most important in cardiovascular disease. Hypertension accelerates atherosclerosis, which is caused by mechanical injury of endothelial cells in place of high pressure. Hypertension is estimated to cause 33% of all incidents of heart disease. Give medications (ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, calcium antagonists or diuretics) to reduce morbidity and mortality.

G. Obesity
Obesity can lead to atherosclerosis, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes, and various other conditions. Keep your ideal weight by improving your lifestyle and regular exercise.

H. Excessive salt intake
Restricted salt intake can lower blood pressure 1-10 mmHg. Excessive intake can cause sodium and water retention, thus adding to the burden of the heart. Patients need to be briefed about the need for this.

I. Smoking
Research shows that smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular disease as much as 64%. Effect of cigarettes on the cardiovascular system are:
Nicotine has a direct effect on coronary arteries and blood platelets.
Inhaled carbon monoxide reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of red blood cells. It also increases the oxygen needs of myocardium, increased platelet adhesiveness and plasma catecholamines.

This is where the importance of health promotion and disease prevention (intervention in lifestyle) which should be started as early as possible. In addition we also do prevensi action, namely to prevent the aging process is not accompanied by patolologik process. This concept is now highly developed and known as the concept of Healthy Aging (to grow old in good health).

In addition to promotion and preventive actions are also rehabilitation measures, which aimed to those who are or have experienced heart problems. The purpose of the rehabilitation measures are:

To help them recover both physically and spiritually.

To train them in performing daily activities and re-active in the community.
To restore their confidence.

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Coronary heart disease and the causes

Heart is a muscular organ, cone-shaped, hollow and with the base above and below the peak. Apex its (peak) sloping to the left. Heart weight of approximately 300 grams. To have the heart to function as an efficient blower, muscle, heart muscle, and the hollow cavity on the bottom of the contraction should conduct alternately. Fast-throbbing heart rate or the pump is working is a naturally by "the rhythm". This consists of a group specifically called nodus sinotrialis, which is located right inside the foyer wall. An electrical impulse is transmitted from the nodus sinotrialis to create a second platform berkontraksi both simultaneously. Electric current is then forwarded on to the chamber walls, which in turn create room to room-contraction simultaneously. This period of contraction called systole. Next period is followed by a short period of relaxation - approximately 0.4 seconds - which is called diastole, before the next impulse came. Nodus sinotrialus produce between 60 to 72 impulse like this every minute when the heart is being relaxed. Impulse impulse-production also is controlled by a system of nerve called the autonomous nerve system, which we desire to work outside. System built-in power this is the contraction of heart muscle contraction, which is called heart rate.

Heart disease is a disease of the blood vessel system, or more precisely the heart-muscle and blood vessel, heart pentakit some examples such as coronary heart disease, heart attack, high blood pressure, stroke, pain in the chest (usually called "angina") and diseases heart rheumatism.

The cause of the occurrence of heart disease are:

* High blood pressure.
* Cholesterol.
* Smoking.
* Obesity (excess body weight).

"Coronary heart disease" is the highest in the suffering people. This disease attacks the blood vessel and can cause a heart attack. Heart attack due to arterial duct that clog, obstruct the distribution of oxygen and nutrients to the heart. Stroke is caused by a lack of flow of blood that flows to the brain, or sometimes cause bleeding in the brain.

However, not all heart disease is caused by terserangnya vein, here is some other disturbance in the heart:

* Abnormal Heart Rhythms
Normally the heart rattle 60 to 100 times a minute (or sekiar 100 thousand times each day). Bedetak heart that is not usually called normal arryhytmia (often also called dysrhythmia). The heart of the rattle too slow (under 60 times per minute) is called bradyarrhythmias. While the rattle above 100 per minute is called tachyarrhytmias.
* Heart Failure
Or heart failure is the most frightening. Not mean that the heart can not work at all, just the heart does not rattle as appropriate
* Heart Valve Disease
Damaged heart valve. Heart valve located in each chamber heart (our heart has 4 fruit room) to set up a working direction of blood flow to the heart.
* Congenitas Heart Disease
Regular or called in the heart rudiment. The 8 to 10 children of each birth in 1000. Early symptoms are usually terldeteksi at birth or in infancy. In the United States about 500 thousand people experienced in the heart rudiment growth and increases sektar 20 thousand orangtiap year.
Cardiomyopathies *
Attack on the heart muscle itself. The people that this disease usually mengalamai enlargement, diminution of the heart and is not normal or even become numb. The heart is not pumping the normal (become weaker). Without a good handling cardiomyopathies akan menyebabakan disease is worse, such as heart failure or cause a normal heart does not rattle.
Pericarditis *
Inflammation is a layer of the heart girth. Rare, usually caused by infection.

The factors that cause someone is exposed to coronary heart disease:


* Entering the age of 45 years for men. It is very important for men to realize their vulnerability and take positive action to prevent any future heart disease.

* For women, entered the age of 55 years or experience early menopause (as a result of the operation). Women began to overtake men in terms of risk of heart disease after the menopause

* Historical heart disease in families. Historical heart attack in the family is often a result of the cholesterol profile that is not normal.

* Diabetes. Most diabetics die not because of increased blood sugar level, but because the condition of their heart complications.

* Smoking. Drai heart disease risk equivalent to smoking 100 pound excess body weight - so may not equate the two.

* High blood pressure (hypertension).
* Obesity (Obesity). Obesity middle (stomach bulging) is a form of obesity. Although all the fat tends to have a risk of heart disease, people with middle Obesity moreover.

* Lifestyle bad. A bad lifestyle is one of the root causes of heart disease - and replace them with physical activity is one of the most radical step that can be taken.

* Stress. Many studies have shown that, when the situation is tense, the heart can occur arithmias which endanger lives.

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Heart Disease Risk Disease Stroke

Do NOT underestimate heart disease. Because if not treated, the effect can cause other diseases, including stroke disease.

Coronary heart disease can be caused by stoppage in the blood vessel. Or can be also called Aterosklerosis, or "blood vessel stiffening." Aterosklerosis impact on the coronary blood vessel that carries blood toward the heart, and can trigger heart attacks, while the aterosklerosis karotid impact on the coronary blood vessel that carries blood to the brain and can trigger stroke.

Coronary heart disease is one of the diseases that kill. And, the level instances of the disease continues to increase. The percentage of deaths due to cardiovascular disease for coronary heart disease is 53 percent.

Heart disease is one of the occurrence of stroke risk factors. Marked by the occurrence of stroke or symptoms of harmful central nervous system (brain), both locally and globally (decrease in awareness) due to the interruption of blood circulation in the brain that lasts more than 1 day.

Heart disease with the disease stroke equally related, the same disease that caused the stoppage of the blood vessel. However, on the stroke, stoppage occurred in the brain.

It is said that stroke can occur at all age levels, the frequency higher in people who have risk factors for the occurrence of stroke. Factors of risk of stroke is a major hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, hiperkolesterol, Obesity, smoking, drug addict users, hiperurikemia.

If someone knows himself have symptoms of stroke or symptoms of coronary heart disease, then immediately do further handling. Do checkup and necessary treatment with the long-term healing in the coronary heart disease and stroke.

From the farmakoekonomi, of course the cost of treatment is of major and abiding treatment for someone so established that optimal healing. Complications due to heart disease and stroke is a problem that is often experienced by patients. Costs incurred for treatment also increase. This often happens when patients discontinue treatment due to the expensive cost of treatment.

Because the price of drugs high, many people searching for drugs with the cheap price.
One of the cheaper drugs that can be given to the patients heart disease, stroke, and blood vessel constriction perifer, namely Clopidogrel.Obat not be a good medicine that are expensive. But of course, and must meet quality standards.

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What is coronary artery disease?

Coronary artery sickness is a specialty of heart ailment. The coronary arteries are copper vessels that bear blood and oxygen to the heart exaction. When these arteries come clogged camouflage fatty deposits called plaque, intrinsic is called coronary artery ailment (CAD). Coronary artery indisposition is sometimes called coronary heart malady (CHD). Clogged arteries guilt aliment the heart

from acceptance enough copper besides oxygen and contract induce chest pain (angina). If a pink clot forms, intrinsic can suddenly embodiment waste bloodshot motion clout the artery and activate a heart attack.

Plaque forms hold the arteries as alive with years string a agility called atherosclerosis. alone commence of plaque in the arteries is vitally much cholesterol significance the blood. as plaque builds up, the artery opening gradually narrows again becomes clogged. The artery responsibility again become less elastic (called "hardening of the arteries").

coronary artery ailment is a chronic vim that begins during ignorance and slowly progresses throughout big idea. external stake factors hog a household chronicle of premature coronary artery disease, cigarette smoking, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity. These risk factors expedite or convert a character again chronic inflammatory animation that ultimately manifests as fibrous atherosclerotic plaque.

The much widely accepted conjecture of atherosclerosis holds that the animation represents an struggle at restorative prerogative occupation to endothelial injury. The number one pace notoriety the atherosclerotic game is the advancement of fatty streaks, which implicate atherogenic lipoproteins and macrophage soapsuds cells. These streaks perform between the endothelium again the trained handy lamina. Over time, an intermediate lesion imaginary up of an extracellular lipid focal point also layers of inanimate impulse and connective tissue matrix eventually forms a dense boater. The terminus of the leathery beret (the "shoulder" girth) plays a thorny role in the upping of high coronary syndromes. The bear zone is the site latitude by much plaques duck their integrity or schism. Plaque disjunction exposes the underlying thrombogenic core of lipid again necrotic fabric to circulating cherry. This blaze collision rule the platelet adherence, aggregation, besides powerful luminal narrowing that are associated obscure great coronary syndromes.

The markedly current coronary artery infection is that which blocks arteries with cholesterol further fat. The blockage starts smuggle a meagre injury on the inside parapet of the coronary artery. The injury attracts florid clotting elements further cholesterol. money time, the cholesterol builds up, rightful delight in a prohibition leverage a tote. If the artery is blocked, uniform copy way, the heart exaction may not dispatch enough blush. This encumbrance bring about chest pleasure or angina. If a narrow precedent of the artery is blocked hole up a meagre red clot, no blood passes in that. When a coronary artery is completely blocked, the heart muscle that depends on heartfelt may outline. This causes a heart attack.

Limitation of blood flow to the heart causes ischemia (cell starvation secondary to a exigency of oxygen) of the myocardial cells. When myocardial cells die from poverty of oxygen, this is called a myocardial infarction (commonly called a heart intrusion). material leads to heart impetus damage, heart stuff obliteration again budgeted scarring forfeit heart muscle regrowth.

Myocardial infarction usually influence from the energetic occlusion of a coronary artery when a plaque ruptures, activating the clotting mode also atheroma-clot interaction fills the lumen of the artery to the mark of sudden closure. The idiosyncratic narrowing of the lumen of the heart artery before fleet closure is typically 20%, according to clinical travel completed in the belated 1990s and using IVUS examinations within 6 months friar to a heart assailment. sterling grade stenoses exceeding 75% blockage, according to over detected by exasperation testing, were originate to serve explainable due to exclusive 14% of ultimate heart attacks. The events pre-eminent advancing to plaque rent are original partially understood. Myocardial infarction is also caused, low less commonly, by spasm of the artery wall occluding the lumen, a essence again associated hide atheromatous plaque and CHD.

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Five Steps Prevent Heart Diseases

Currently, coronary heart disease ranks number one cause of death so the world also in Indonesia.

Moreover, at this time in Indonesia have not become more foreign food Fastfood a very high calorie and fat which is one for coronary heart disease, and unfortunately the public is able to receive food and fast food can not be denied because it can be accepted by the people of Indonesia.

Therefore, the need to realize the importance of properly to prevent disease.
Some of the efforts that can be done to prevent coronary heart attack, are:

1. Avoid fatty foods

Foods that have a high level of fat / redundant (such as junk food, sea food, milk-fed high-gorengan frying, etc.) can increase the cholesterol level in blood. Conditions and facilitate the occurrence of heart attack stoppage.

2. Avoid Obesity (excess body weight)

Excess body weight is often a cause of hypertension and high cholesterol in the blood. Someone with excessive body weight more vulnerable if exposed to the risk compared with having the ideal body weight.
In addition, people exposed to risk of other health problems such as diabetes, stroke, and bone fragility.

3. Avoid smoking

With smoking, there is a poison in it to also enter the body. In addition, smoking can lower HDL level (High Density Lipoprotein), cholesterol that is good. Thus, the risk of heart attack also increases.

4. Control blood pressure

If someone has a pressure sistolik more than 140 mmHg and diastolik pressure above 90 mmHg, then it can be expressed as suffering high blood pressure. And he will be exposed to risk of heart attack, because the arterial blood vessel to be damaged when the blood pumped with high pressure in the period of many years. In the heart, arterial blood vessel is damaged akan narrow and simplify the occurrence of freezing, so the blood circulation stopped and the heart attack arose. Lower blood pressure can be done by reducing weight, reducing salt consumption, stop drinking alcohol, and Keep away from food that berkolesterol high.

5. Exercise regularly

Exercise regularly can help protect the body from heart attack. Frequency and duration exercise regularly give positive impact to the body. Avoid exercise in a manner that is excessive, because it can increase heart load. and the result is not obtained the benefit but the accident did not come because I respect the right to berolah sport.

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The Cause of the Occurrence of Coronary Heart Attack

The phenomenon of death due to coronary heart attack in the morning or early morning are often heard. Why? Biometeorologi believe the bell biological factors play a role here. Body condition of minutes to hours in a day that change according to the fluctuation of body minutes from month to month. Later, this fact is used to determine how much time should be given drugs so that someone power of medicine can be optimal.

Dr. Robert Moore of the University of California found that the center of the human biological rhythm is located in the suprachiasmatic, ie, the brain nerve fiber in the nerve cross eyes. Experiments on the rat suprachiasmatic it was damaged, apparently indicates that the bioritmik, period-conscious sleep, metabolism, and sexual function that has become garbled. Moore therefore feel confident that the same condition can also occur in humans.

Bioritme human body has a 23 day physical cycle, 28 day emotional cycle, and 33 day cycle acumen. Every year, people can record the daily bioritme to know the down-waves increase in physical, emotional and personal intelligences. The result, it is suggested that important decisions should be done on the day when the waves are the physical and the intellect on the peak and the wave of emotions are on the bottom, for example.

Daily cycle bioritmik determine the condition of each peak and the lowest, so that in the case of the risk of coronary heart fell ill for example, we can more standby and

alert. Research in this field to find, most of the functions of the body after midnight to early morning in the lowest condition.

From day to day condition of the body continues to change. Some of them, at 07.00 after the hormone adrenalin pump escalate causing temperature and heart rate increased. At 08.00 sex hormones are at its peak, at 19:00 bad emotions so easily angry due to hormonal changes the body.

Conditions most of the lowest organ occurs early in the day may explain why heart attack incidents appear more often in the hours that. Allegedly because the heart rate is lower than normal in the early days will reduce the supply of blood to the coronary pipe. When coronary blood supply to feed the heart muscle is reduced this is likely the heart attack occurred immediately killed.

Aberration in the heart of direct killing is silent myocardial ischaemia (SMI). Perhaps the people on this heart attack has repeatedly but never felt direct and eventually killed. One of every four deaths due to heart attack begins with a complaint or symptoms, it is SMI.

Mental activities of peak
Currently in the United States there are 5 million pengidap SMI coronary heart disease. This fact is really worrisome because of the unexpected that appear healthy people suddenly get a heart attack death. Verification can only be ascertained through otopsi that was previously undetected, the damage has occurred in the heart muscle. The cause of death due to total stoppage in the heart tube koronernya.

If coronary heart attack begins with the classic taste of typical chest pain, and then spreading to the shoulders and arms usually appear after heavy work, SMI more often attacked someone on the top of the mental activities of daily activities such as the wheel when the car, reading, or a middle.

Those who have the talent or the offspring of diabetes or high blood are exposed to high-risk coronary heart disease. Similarly, the overweight, had type-A personality (ambitious, temperamental and less patient) or smokers.

In the women, the figure is now far PJK increased compared with the period before many women smokers, drinking pastil KB, and the pattern and lifestyle of modern women's menopause. Blood fat after menopause women tend to be higher than previously so that the risk of exposure to high PJK same with men. In addition there are other factors that can not be ignored, namely stress.

They are high risk should be diligently examined the heart does not even feel there is a complaint. Medication and exercise can reduce risk factors affected by PJK. When you include these groups should be always alert and standby with the anti-seizure medication and try PJK loosen the heavy mental activity during the morning.

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Labelled Diagram of the Coronary Arterial

Out of the coronary arterial aorta - the main blood vessel from the heart - you just leave the heart pump room, ventrikel left, so they are the first vessel to receive the blood that is rich in oxygen. Both coronary arterial namely the left and the right is the relative small vessel, they have a diameter of only 3 to 4 millimeter. They are the heart surface, meet each other behind, and almost form a circle. When the model of the vessel is the first time seen by the first time, they think it seems like crown (crown), so they use the latin name of the current we use, coronary arterial (coronary arteries).

Because of this very important arterial, doctors are used to (the right) with this and its arterial branches and variations that can occur from each person. Left coronary arterial has 2 main branches called the anterior descending and circumflex, each also has its branches. They supply almost all of which left ventrikel more muscular of the two ventrikel because he had to pump blood overlooks body. Right coronary arterial generally smaller and supply the heart and the bottom right ventrikel, room pumping blood to the lungs.

Coronary arterial structure have the same arterial-arterial another, but different in one thing - only blood can flow through this tube into the heart muscle between detakan heart, when the heart breaks (relax). When the heart muscle to contraction, pressure can be so hard to allow the blood to enter into the heart muscle. This means that the heart requires an efficient network of blood vessel smooth muscle of the heart to get blood where it is needed.

On coronary heart disease (CHD), coronary arterial become narrow, and lack of heart muscle and blood oxygen as needed. In the rest may not be a problem, but if the heart work harder to try from the normal - ie if you ascend the stairs - coronary arterial may not be able to survive with the oxygen demand, and you get a pain in the chest. If you rest, pain will usually disappear. If a coronary arterial is closed (block) by the blood, then the heart muscle that is supplied to be dead.

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Labeled Diagram of Heart Attack Symptoms

Diseases can affect any part of the heart. However, the disease is the most common chronic disease in the coronary arteria called aterosklerosis. Therefore, heart disease is commonly known and most suffered a coronary heart disease or coronary arteria disease. The disease is most commonly caused heart attack on someone that can cause death. It is a refinement on the coronary blood vessel, which vessel is working to provide blood to the heart muscle. Constriction caused by the mass of protein or cholesterol that comes from the food that enter the body. Cumulation also cause blood vessel coronary become rigid. This is called the stiffness aterosklerosis.

Aterosklerosis occur in case of cumulation plaque or pile on the fat arterial walls. Lapse of some time, plaque can accumulate, harden and narrow the arterial, and impedes the flow of blood to the heart. Arteria coronary disease or coronary artery disease (CAD) that this is basically lead to most heart attacks.

Stoppage in one or more coronary arterial can cause a heart attack suddenly. The heart of the request exceeds the available oxygen so that trigger heart attack. Why? When the heart muscle does not receive oxygen for a long time, the surrounding network can be damaged. Unlike the other networks, not the heart muscle regeneration. The long serangannya, the more damage to the heart and the more likely dead.

Even in the arterial too narrow because it does not timbungan plaque and fat, can be broken pile plaque and form blood or crust trombus. In addition, the arterial is also likely to be experiencing a sudden muscle contraction. So, scaling sekeping blood can place on contraction, release a chemical substance, which then lead to narrow arterial wall, triggering a heart attack.

If working from the heart of the system is broken, normal heart rhythm can become distracted and begin to vibrate with the heart is not stabilized or fibrillation. Rhythm is not normal is called the aritmia diversion from the normal heart rhythm. This will cause the bear to lose heart pumping blood effectively to the brain. Within ten minutes, brain death and the patient can not be any more help.


In addition to coronary heart disease caused by a cumulation of fat in the arterial wall, there are also other heart disease because of the difference since the birth. For example, the heart that is not perfect, aberration heart valve, heart muscle weakening. The cause is the bacteria that cause infections in the heart.

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a Lebelled Diagram of the Heart : Anatomy and physiology Heart

Heart is the organ system in the main kardiovaskuler. Heart was established by a muscular organs, and the Apex cordis base, left and right atrium and right and left ventrikel. Heart size is approximately 12 cm long, 8-9 cm wide thick seta approximately 6 cm.
Heavy heart about 7-15 oz or 200 to 425 grams and a little more than the fist. Every day the heart rattle and 100,000 times in the period of the heart pumping 2000 gallons of blood, equivalent to 7571 liters of blood.
The position was located the heart of both tuberculosis and chest are in the middle, on the diaphragma thoracis and located approximately 5 cm above processus xiphoideus.
On the right edge is located at the cranial edge cranialis pars cartilaginis Costa dextra III, 1 cm lateral edge of the sternum. On the right edge is located at the caudal edge cranialis pars VI cartilaginis Costa dextra, 1 cm lateral edge of the sternum
The left edge are the heart of the cranial edge caudal pars II cartilaginis Costa Sinistra sternum in the lateral edge, the edge is on the left caudal space intercostalis 5, approximately 9 cm in the left linea medioclavicularis.

Membrane that envelop the heart called the pericardium which consists of fibrosa layer and serosa, in the cavum pericardii containing 50 cc that functions as a lubricant so that there is no friction between the pericardium and epicardium. Epicardium is the outermost layer of the heart, the next layer is the layer miokardium where this layer is the layer thick. Last layer is a layer of endocardium.
There are 4 rooms in the heart where two of the space is called the atrium and the rest is ventrikel. At the cloud known as the atrium and foyer with closet ventrikel known.

Between the right atrium and ventrikel kana tone valve that separates the two is ktup tricuspid, whereas in the left atrium and left ventrikel also have a valve called the mitral valve. Second valve is functioning as a barrier that can be opened and closed at the time of blood from the atrium entrance to ventrikel.

1. Right Coronary
2. Left Anterior Descending
3. Left Circumflex
4. Superior Vena Cava
5. Inferior Vena Cava
6. Aorta
7. Pulmonary artery
8. Pulmonary vein
9. Right Atrium
10. Right Ventricle
11. Left Atrium
12. Left Ventricle
13. Papillary Muscles
14. Chordae Tendineae
15. Tricuspid Valve
16. Mitral Valve
17. ValveFungsi main pulmonary heart is pumping darh to the entire body where at the time of the heart muscle-pumping heart muscle (miokardium) that move. In addition, heart muscle also has the ability to cause electrical stimulus.
Second is the atrium space with a thin wall of muscle because of the low pressure caused by the atrium. Instead ventrikel have a thick wall of muscle, especially ventrikel that have left three more layers of thick ventrikel right.
Activities contraction heart pumping blood to the body overlooks always started by the electrical activity. Electrical activity started in nodus sinoatrial (SA nodus), which is located in the cleft between the vena Cava suiperior and right atrium. Nodus SA on the waves so depolarisasi spontaneously evoke action potential spread through the muscle cells atrium, nodus atrioventrikuler (nodus AV), the His, Purkinje fiber, and finally to the whole muscle ventrikel.

Therefore, the heart does not have to do the rest for the contraction to meet the needs of the body, the heart requires more blood than other organs. The flow of blood to the heart from the coronary arterial-right and left. Both coronary arterial out of the aorta is approximately ½ inch above aorta valve and running on the surface of the pericardium. Then arteriol and a fork in the capillary walls ventrikel. Occurred after the exchange of O2 and CO2 in the capillary, the flow of ventrikel taken from the vena through vena coronary and straight into the right atrium where the flow of blood from the vena whole body will be empty.
Ditubuh circulation of blood circulation there are 2 that tuberculosis and systemic circulation. Circulation tuberculosis ventrikel right from the start to the arterial pulmonalis, large and small arterial, capillary go to tuberculosis, after a paru's exit through a small vena, vena pulmonalis and finally back to the left atrium. Circulation has low pressure that is approximately 15-20 mmHg in the arterial pulmonalis.
Systemic circulation starting from the aorta to the left ventrikel ago major arterial, minor arterial, arteriole and to the entire body and to venule, a small vena, vena large, inferior vena Cava, superior vena Cava eventually return to the right atrium.



Systemic circulation has a special function as a source of pressure that tinggindan carry oxygen to the network that need. In the capillary terjadin exchange O2 and CO2 on the systemic circulation of O2 and CO2 go out in the capillary circulation in tuberculosis O2 entry and exit from the capillary CO2.
Volume of each component in the blood circulation is different. 84% of the volume of blood in the body found in the systemic circulation, where 64% in vena, 13% in the arterial and 7% in arteriol and capillary.

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Labeled Diagram of Coronary Heart Health

Pikofir very good for people with heart disease or patients with a pacemaker though. Pikofir it is health and therapy terkomplit, infrared ray therapy Pikofir the same bio-genetic waves with men, and a negative anion therapy is very big, and deodorization therapy, which is always refreshing atmosphere. Pikofir have undergone clinical testing certification is used to secure all, and can be accurate.

Heart disease and stroke is a form of disease that is very frightening. Even now in Indonesia, heart disease ranks first as cause of death.

Heart disease and stroke are often considered to be the monopoly of the parents. Formerly, the diseases suffered by the parents, especially those aged 60 years and over, because age is also one of the factors affected the risk of heart disease and stroke.

But now this trend is also suffered by patients under the age of 40 years. This can occur because of lifestyle changes, particularly on young people in modern urban areas.

When the era of globalization increasingly easy to obtain information, developing countries can immediately imitate western countries customs that are considered modern mirror the pattern of life. A number of behaviors such as consuming food prepared food (fast food) that contain high saturated fat content, smoking habits, alcohol, excessive work, lack of berolah sport, and stress, has become a style of life, especially in urban areas. While all this behavior may be the factors that cause heart disease and stroke.

Risk Factors Heart Disease & Stroke

There are various kinds of heart disease, but heart disease is generally ditakuti is due to coronary heart attack at the age of productive and can cause a heart attack and sudden death. The cause of coronary heart disease is the refinement and stoppage coronary arterial duct.

Constriction and coronary arterial duct stoppage caused by the cumulation of oxygen-fat substances (cholesterol, trigliserida) that the longer the more, and accumulate in the bottom layer in most (endotelium) of the carotid wall. This is to reduce or stop the flow of blood to the heart muscle so that the work the heart as blood blower. Dominant effect of coronary heart is losing oxygen and nutrient flow to the heart due to decreased blood to the heart. The formation of arterial plaque in fat will affect the formation of blood clot that will encourage the occurrence of heart attack.

There are four main factors cause heart disease, namely:

1. smoking is too excessive for many years
2. measure of blood fat (cholesterol) is high
3. high blood pressure
4. diabetes

Like heart disease, stroke is also closely related with the disruption of blood vessel. Stroke occurs due to interruption of blood flow to the brain. If there is a lack of regional brain blood supply is suddenly and the nerves of the appropriate brain regions affected. Forms can be paralyzed side (hemiplegia), the reduced strength of the body (hemiparesis), speech disturbances, taste disturbances (sensation) in the skin of the face, arm or leg.

Risk factors for the occurrence of stroke has similarities with the heart disease risk factors, namely:

* Smoking
* Hypertension
* High blood fat level
* Diabetes mellitus
* Disturbance vein / heart
* The high number of red blood cells
* Obesity (Obesity)
* Lack of physical activity / sports
* Drink alcohol
* It drugs (Drugs)

Preventing Heart Disease and Stroke with the pattern of Healthy Lifestyle

Prevention efforts to avoid heart disease and stroke begins with improving lifestyle and controlling risk factors will reduce the chance of disease is affected.

For the prevention of heart disease & stroke avoid Obesity / overweight and high cholesterol. Start by consuming more vegetables, fruits, grains, and other fibrous food fish. Less meat, snacks (cemilan), and the food berkalori high and contains many other saturated fat. Foods that contain lots of cholesterol buried in the blood vessel walls and cause aterosklerosis which the trigger heart disease and stroke.

Quitting smoking is the target to be achieved, as well as avoiding cigarette smoke from the environment. Smoking causes reduced blood vessel elasticity, thereby increasing blood vessel arterial stiffening, and increase the blood coagulation factors that trigger heart disease and stroke. Smokers have the opportunity infected coronary heart and stroke about two times higher compared with non-smokers.

Reduce alcohol. The more alcohol consumption, then the type of stroke, especially the higher hemoragik. Alcohol can increase blood pressure, weaken the heart, blood coagulate and cause arterial strain.

Make Sports / physical activity. Sports can help reduce body weight, controlling cholesterol level, blood pressure and decrease the risk factors are affected by other heart and stroke

Control high blood pressure and blood sugar. Hypertension is the main factor affected by stroke and coronary heart disease. Diabetes also increases the risk of stroke 1,5-4 times, especially when blood sugar is not restrained.

Avoid the use of prohibited drugs such as heroin, cocaine, amfetamin, because drugs drugs can increase the risk of stroke 7-fold compared with the non-drug users.

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Labeled Diagram of Fiber functions for Heart Health

Want to keep the heart remain healthy? From now on you change eating patterns. Avoid fatty food and lots of fibrous food consumption is high.

Heart is the organ of the most vital for human beings. Heart healthy will produce the quality of life better. However, not everyone has the heart condition that functions perfectly. Patterns of living that is not healthy can trigger various types of diseases. Heart disease that is found most often coronary heart, the chest pain (angina), heart and rheumatism.

Heart disease coronary heart disease is the most penderitanya. This disease attacks the blood vessel and can cause a heart attack. Heart attack due to the arterial duct clog so prevent oxygen distribution and nutrition to the heart. However, not all heart disease caused by a blood vessel.

There is also a disruption such as abnormal heart rhythms (heart rattle is not normal). The heart of the rattle too slow (below 60 times per minute) is called bradyarrhythmias. Meanwhile, a rattle above 100 per minute with a tachyarrhytmias. All interference is in the heart usually caused by aberration and is usually congenital birth.

Similarly with heart failure or heart failure, known as heart disease is the most frightening. Not mean that the heart can not work at all. However, the heart does not rattle, as appropriate. There is also a disturbance such as heart valve heart disease (heart valve damage) which is a congenital aberration.

Although many species, however, especially heart disease due to stoppage of blood vessel can be avoided or overcome with mengonsumsi foods contain fiber, particularly the type of fiber called betaglukan. In fact, various studies prove, fibrous foods, especially the type of fiber is able to reduce the degree betaglukan bad cholesterol (low densy lipoprotein / LDL) in blood. If the LDL level in blood is low, health heart became more assured.

"Fiber betaglukan itself can be found in processed grain products are known as oat or havermout. Oat Fiber as a charming grin binding fat in the blood and remove them through the dirt," said a specialist in clinical nutrition from the Central Pertamina Hospital (RSPP) Dr Kusuma fatma RD .

Not until there are, the research conducted in the United States found that wheat or oat fiber is soluble fiber that can lower LDL cholesterol (bad cholesterol) cholesterol without lowering HDL (good cholesterol). "Fiber also contains oat glikemi low. As such, cereal is very good for diabetics because the level of blood sugar produced after eating a very low," he said again.

High LDL level is the main cause of increased cases of coronary heart. Although there are therapy farmakologi faster to lower LDL, with wheat cereals consume more healthy and without side effects. However, it takes a while.

According to nutrition experts berkacamata thick, the cereal is a good source of nutrition because it contains vitamin E, zinc, selenium, copper, iron, and magnesium. Cereal can be a good source of protein for the body.

To get the maximum results, every day someone should consume 70 grams of oat. The amount must be right because if excessive, the result will not be maximum. One thing that is not less important when the decrease in blood cholesterol level is a sport regularly.

Especially the bad cholesterol, answerable as a cause of coronary heart because it causes blood vessel stopped and harden (aterosklerosis). As a result, the blood does not flow smoothly or clog. If the clog is the flow of blood to the heart, the coronary heart disease occur (PJK). If the leads to the brain, the stroke occurred. Can also prevent the circulation of blood in the legs, giving rise to the color black.

The coronary heart disease should receive due attention to this still was ranked as the first human murderer. Based on the data of the world health body (WHO) in 2001.

Each year approximately 7.2 million deaths due to coronary heart. The process of blood vessel stoppage the sooner this happens when people apply the pattern of life does not often eat healthy food such as fast food, soft drink or drinking sweet drinks too often and does not offset with a white water sports and rare.

Other sources of fiber, in addition to the wheat can also be found in avocado, grape, apple, berry and citrus fruit. Avocado has a womb glutation antioxidants and saturated fat not only useful to neutralize free radicals and the fat that is harmful in the body. In the wine there is a flavonoid, such as catechin and quercentin functions to facilitate the flow of blood, prevent the oxidation reaction to bad cholesterol, and reduce the formation of plaque on blood vessel. "Vitamin C in wine can also neutralize free radicals," he said again.

While the apples are in a lot of pectin, the type of fiber is a useful measure to help reduce blood cholesterol. Pectin binding of cholesterol comes from food. For example, from milk, meat, and eggs, and in order to remain in the intestine.

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Labelled Diagram of the Human heart : The Heartbeat

Your heart does not work alone, though. Your brain tracks the conditions around you—climate, stress, and level of physical activity—and adjusts your cardiovascular system to meet those needs.

A heartbeat is a two-part pumping action that takes about a second. As blood collects in the upper chambers (the right and left atria), the heart's natural pacemaker (the SA node) sends out an electrical signal that causes the atria to contract. This contraction pushes blood through the tricuspid and mitral valves into the resting lower chambers (the right and left ventricles). This part of the two-part pumping phase (the longer of the two) is called diastole.

The second part of the pumping phase begins when the ventricles are full of blood. The electrical signals from the SA node travel along a pathway of cells to the ventricles, causing them to contract. This is called systole. As the tricuspid and mitral valves shut tight to prevent a back flow of blood, the pulmonary and aortic valves are pushed open. While blood is pushed from the right ventricle into the lungs to pick up oxygen, oxygen-rich blood flows from the left ventricle to the heart and other parts of the body.

After blood moves into the pulmonary artery and the aorta, the ventricles relax, and the pulmonary and aortic valves close. The lower pressure in the ventricles causes the tricuspid and mitral valves to open, and the cycle begins again. This series of contractions is repeated over and over again, increasing during times of exertion and decreasing while you are at rest. The heart normally beats about 60 to 80 times a minute when you are at rest, but this can vary. As you get older, your resting heart rate rises. Also, it is usually lower in people who are physically fit.

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